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RESULTS

(20)

DISEASE: Elm yellows

HOST: Elm

Symptoms of elm yellows occasionally appear on one branch before others, but more often they involve the entire crown.

DISEASE: Elm yellows

HOST: Elm

Diseased twig (right) with epinasty, chlorosis, and yellowing of leaves. Sometimes both yellow and green leaves occur on same branch. Healthy branch (left).

DISEASE: Elm yellows

HOST: Elm

Branches with butterscotch discoloration (center) and necrotic flecks in phloem and vascular cambium (right). Healthy branch (left). Sudden wilt and browning is common with small trees.

DISEASE: Elm yellows

HOST: Elm

Elm yellows is characterized by witches'-brooms and stunting. Some cultivars have both yellow and reddish foliar discoloration.

DISEASE: Elm yellows

HOST: Elm

Late stage of elm yellows disease.

DISEASE: Witches'-broom

HOST: Alfalfa

Alfalfa plant (center) exhibiting stunting and proliferation of stems. Other symptoms are small, rounded, chlorotic, often puckered leaves and a yellowish cast.

DISEASE: Witches'-broom

HOST: Alfalfa

Young plant (left) with small, numerous stems (witches'-broom). Healthy stems (right).

DISEASE: Witches'-broom

HOST: Cactus

Witches'-broom of Opuntia cactus.

DISEASE: Witches'-broom

HOST: Citrus (Lime)

Lime tree with compact, small leaves (witches'-broom). Leaves on older brooms dry out and eventually drop, leaving dead, bare branches. There are no flowers or fruit on brooms.