DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Reddish brown exudate flowing from longitudinal cracks in the trunk. Cankers are deep extending into wood.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Reddish brown exudate flowing from cracks in trunk, a result of systemic invasion by the bacterium.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Pits in the wood and black streaks in inner bark are key diagnostic symptoms.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia)
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad, M. Schroth
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Removal of bark revealed pitted vascular tissues.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Dead limbs are characteristic of advanced stage of disease.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad
DISEASE: Shallow bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Diseased, discolored tissues revealed by removing external bark.

Shallow bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Shallow bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria nigrifluens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia nigrifluens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Shallow bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Trunk with brown exudate shallow cankers.

Shallow bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Shallow bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria nigrifluens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia nigrifluens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Shallow bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Multiple cankers with brown exudate. Cankers on trunk are shallow.

Shallow bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Shallow bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria nigrifluens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia nigrifluens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry
Comparison of normal, dark cherries (in hand) with infected, immature cherries with less pigmentation.

X-disease (Western X) or buckskin | Cherry
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry (Prunus avium)
PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni'
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma X-disease group
SOURCE: A. Purcell, M. Davis