DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose
Hairy root symptoms of many fibrous roots (right). Noninfected root (left).

Hairy root | Rose
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose (Rosa sp.)
PATHOGEN: Agrobacterium rhizogenes
SOURCE: R. Raabe
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Apple
Crown gall (left) and hairy root (right) caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes, respectively.

Hairy root | Apple
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Apple (Malus domestica)
PATHOGEN: Agrobacterium rhizogenes
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Rhizobium sp.
SOURCE: APS
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose
Crown gall (left) and hairy root (right) caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes, respectively. Healthy root (center).

Hairy root | Rose
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose (Rosa sp.)
PATHOGEN: Agrobacterium rhizogenes
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Rhizobium sp.
SOURCE: M. Schroth
DISEASE: Oleander leaf scorch
HOST: Oleander
Diseased plant with scalloped, yellowish leaves. This usually is followed by dieback of twigs and branches. Plants often die 2 years after infection.

Oleander leaf scorch | Oleander
DISEASE: Oleander leaf scorch
HOST: Oleander (Nerium oleander)
PATHOGEN: Xylella fastidiosa
SOURCE: S. Purcell
DISEASE: Oleander leaf scorch
HOST: Oleander
Oleander with symptoms of severe scorch.

Oleander leaf scorch | Oleander
DISEASE: Oleander leaf scorch
HOST: Oleander (Nerium oleander)
PATHOGEN: Xylella fastidiosa
SOURCE: M. Blua
DISEASE: Oleander leaf scorch
HOST: Oleander
Oleander with scorch symptoms primarily at leaf tips, an early stage of disease.

Oleander leaf scorch | Oleander
DISEASE: Oleander leaf scorch
HOST: Oleander (Nerium oleander)
PATHOGEN: Xylella fastidiosa
SOURCE: M. Blua
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry
Comparison of normal, dark cherries (in hand) with infected, immature cherries with less pigmentation.

X-disease (Western X) or buckskin | Cherry
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry (Prunus avium)
PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni'
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma X-disease group
SOURCE: A. Purcell, M. Davis
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry
Healthy cherry shoot (left) and stunted shoot (right).

X-disease (Western X) or buckskin | Cherry
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry (Prunus avium)
PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni'
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma X-disease group
SOURCE: S. Thomson
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry
Infected trees on 'Mazzard' rootstock (right) may live for years, producing fruit with symptoms. Trees on 'Mahaleb' rootstock (left) usually die rapidly in year of infection, about time of fruit ripening.

X-disease (Western X) or buckskin | Cherry
DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin
HOST: Cherry (Prunus avium)
PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni'
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma X-disease group
SOURCE: S. Thomson