DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Reddish brown exudate flowing from longitudinal cracks in the trunk. Cankers are deep extending into wood.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Reddish brown exudate flowing from cracks in trunk, a result of systemic invasion by the bacterium.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Pits in the wood and black streaks in inner bark are key diagnostic symptoms.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia)
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad, M. Schroth
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Removal of bark revealed pitted vascular tissues.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Dead limbs are characteristic of advanced stage of disease.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose
Hairy root symptoms of many fibrous roots (right). Noninfected root (left).

Hairy root | Rose
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose (Rosa sp.)
PATHOGEN: Agrobacterium rhizogenes
SOURCE: R. Raabe
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Apple
Crown gall (left) and hairy root (right) caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes, respectively.

Hairy root | Apple
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Apple (Malus domestica)
PATHOGEN: Agrobacterium rhizogenes
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Rhizobium sp.
SOURCE: APS
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose
Crown gall (left) and hairy root (right) caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes, respectively. Healthy root (center).

Hairy root | Rose
DISEASE: Hairy root
HOST: Rose (Rosa sp.)
PATHOGEN: Agrobacterium rhizogenes
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Rhizobium sp.
SOURCE: M. Schroth
DISEASE: Strawberry lethal decline
HOST: Strawberry
Diseased plant with bronzing of older leaves and upward rolling or cupping of younger leaves. Leaves are chlorotic on upper surfaces and reddish or purplish on lower surfaces. In time, the entire plant dies.

Strawberry lethal decline | Strawberry
DISEASE: Strawberry lethal decline
HOST: Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)
PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma' sp.
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma (undefined)
SOURCE: H. Schwartz