DISEASE: Bacterial blight
HOST: Cassava
Leaf with angular, water-soaked, vein-delimited lesions.

Bacterial blight | Cassava
DISEASE: Bacterial blight
HOST: Cassava (Manihot esculenta)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis
SOURCE: A. Hayward
DISEASE: Bacterial blight
HOST: Cassava
Cassava with angular leaf spots and yellow ooze. Symptoms include leaf spots, wilt, and dieback. The bacterium frequently invades systemically.

Bacterial blight | Cassava
DISEASE: Bacterial blight
HOST: Cassava (Manihot esculenta)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis
SOURCE: A. Hayward
DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot
HOST: Cowpea
Leaf spots vary in size from small to large and some fall out in time, leaving a shot-hole appearance.

Bacterial leaf spot | Cowpea
DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot
HOST: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vignicola
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas campestris pv. vignicola
SOURCE: R. Gitaitis
DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot
HOST: Cowpea
Leaves with large, light brown necrotic areas.

Bacterial leaf spot | Cowpea
DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot
HOST: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vignicola
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas campestris pv. vignicola
SOURCE: R. Gitaitis
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish
Dying, stunted, yellow to brown horseradish plants.

Brittle root | Horseradish
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: C. Eastman, M. Davis
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish
Close-up of stunted, yellow horseradish plants.

Brittle root | Horseradish
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: D. Sherrod
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish
Horseradish with discolored internal tissues. Healthy root segment (top right).

Brittle root | Horseradish
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: J. Fletcher, M. Davis
DISEASE: Citrus stubborn disease
HOST: Citrus (sp. unknown)
Characteristic symptoms of thickened peel at peduncle end and aborted seeds.

Citrus stubborn disease | Citrus (sp. unknown)
DISEASE: Citrus stubborn disease
HOST: Citrus (sp. unknown) (Citrus sp.)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: APS
DISEASE: Citrus stubborn disease
HOST: Citrus (Orange)
Severely stunted sweet orange tree. Foliage is dense and abnormally upright. Leaves may be cupped and unusually thick. They also may be chlorotic and mottled.

Citrus stubborn disease | Citrus (Orange)
DISEASE: Citrus stubborn disease
HOST: Citrus (Orange) (Citrus sinensis)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: S. M. Garnsey