DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot (Bacterial necrosis)
HOST: Cassava
Cassava with yellowish leaves and water-soaked, angular spots. The disease is primarily on foliage, although the pathogen may invade stem buds and young branches.

Bacterial leaf spot (Bacterial necrosis) | Cassava
DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot (Bacterial necrosis)
HOST: Cassava (Manihot esculenta)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas cassavae
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas campestris pv. cassavae
SOURCE: APS
DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot (Bacterial necrosis)
HOST: Cassava
Cassava with brownish lesions and blackish edges. Leaves turn yellow with multiple infection sites.

Bacterial leaf spot (Bacterial necrosis) | Cassava
DISEASE: Bacterial leaf spot (Bacterial necrosis)
HOST: Cassava (Manihot esculenta)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas cassavae
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas campestris pv. cassavae
SOURCE: H. Maraite, A. Alvarez
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish
Dying, stunted, yellow to brown horseradish plants.

Brittle root | Horseradish
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: C. Eastman, M. Davis
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish
Close-up of stunted, yellow horseradish plants.

Brittle root | Horseradish
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: D. Sherrod
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish
Horseradish with discolored internal tissues. Healthy root segment (top right).

Brittle root | Horseradish
DISEASE: Brittle root
HOST: Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
PATHOGEN: Spiroplasma citri
SOURCE: J. Fletcher, M. Davis
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Grapefruit)
Grapefruit with corky, raised lesions.

Citrus canker | Citrus (Grapefruit)
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Grapefruit) (Citrus paradisi)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas citri
SOURCE: T. Gottwald
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Lemon)
Lower leaf with raised, corkylike lesions surrounded by dark brown halos, one of the diagnostic symptoms of citrus canker.

Citrus canker | Citrus (Lemon)
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Lemon) (Citrus limon)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas citri
SOURCE: T. Gottwald
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Orange)
Leaf with leaf miner tunnels and numerous cankerlike lesions.

Citrus canker | Citrus (Orange)
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Orange) (Citrus sinensis)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas citri
SOURCE: T. Gottwald
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Orange)
Upper side of leaves with corky, raised lesions surrounded by yellow halos, a late stage of disease. Such infections usually are visible on lower sides of leaves first and soon after on upper sides.

Citrus canker | Citrus (Orange)
DISEASE: Citrus canker
HOST: Citrus (Orange) (Citrus sinensis)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Xanthomonas citri
SOURCE: J. H. Graham