RESULTS

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DISEASE: Bacterial canker

HOST: Hazelnut

Primary symptoms are failure of buds to break and withering and death of new foliage in spring. Dead leaves remain attached to limbs after normal leaf fall.

Bacterial canker | Hazelnut

DISEASE: Bacterial canker

HOST: Hazelnut (Corylus americana)

PATHOGEN: Pseudomonas syringae pv. avellanae

PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Pseudomonas avellanae

SOURCE: P. Psalidas

DISEASE: European stone fruit yellows

HOST: Almond

The disease causes yellowing and rolling of leaves (right). Leaves become thick and rough in texture. Healthy leaves (left).

European stone fruit yellows | Almond

DISEASE: European stone fruit yellows

HOST: Almond (Prunus dulcis)

PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum'

PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma Apple proliferation group

SOURCE: E. Seemueller

DISEASE: Rugose leaf curl

HOST: Clover

Two rugose, distorted white clover leaves and a healthy leaf. Rugose leaf curl is caused by an unidentified phloem-infecting bacterium.

Rugose leaf curl | Clover

DISEASE: Rugose leaf curl

HOST: Clover (Trifolium repens)

PATHOGEN: Phloem-infecting bacterium

SOURCE: D. Teakle