DISEASE: Bacterial blight
HOST: Hazelnut
Diseased young tree with discoloration of the cambium. Dieback of young twigs and branches is characteristic. Other typical symptoms are bud and twig necrosis and small, angular or round, water-soaked leaf spots.

Bacterial blight | Hazelnut
DISEASE: Bacterial blight
HOST: Hazelnut (Corylus americana)
PATHOGEN: Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina
SOURCE: J. Pscheidt
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Reddish brown exudate flowing from longitudinal cracks in the trunk. Cankers are deep extending into wood.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Reddish brown exudate flowing from cracks in trunk, a result of systemic invasion by the bacterium.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Pits in the wood and black streaks in inner bark are key diagnostic symptoms.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia)
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad, M. Schroth
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Removal of bark revealed pitted vascular tissues.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut
Dead limbs are characteristic of advanced stage of disease.

Deep bark canker | Walnut
DISEASE: Deep bark canker
HOST: Walnut (Juglans regia 'Hartley')
PATHOGEN: Brenneria rubrifaciens
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Erwinia rubrifaciens
SOURCE: N. Schaad
DISEASE: Pear decline
HOST: Pear
Healthy pear shoot (left) and diseased shoots (center and right). Leaves are reddish and growth is stunted.

Pear decline | Pear
DISEASE: Pear decline
HOST: Pear (Pyrus communis)
PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri'
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma Apple proliferation group
SOURCE: S. Thomson
DISEASE: Pear decline
HOST: Pear
Close-up of infected pear branch showing premature reddish coloration of leaves and cupped, stunted leaves.

Pear decline | Pear
DISEASE: Pear decline
HOST: Pear (Pyrus communis)
PATHOGEN: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri'
PATHOGEN SYNONYM: Phytoplasma Apple proliferation group
SOURCE: S. Thomson